Red yeast rice is derived from white rice that has been fermented with a specific type of yeast, Monascus purpureus. This process imparts a distinctive reddish hue to the rice, along with unique dietary compounds.
It has been used in China for centuries, both as a food ingredient and for its medicinal properties. Among these is the ability to lower cholesterol, attributed to natural substances within the rice, particularly monacolin K. This compound closely resembles lovastatin, a prescription drug used to treat high cholesterol.
Additionally, red yeast rice contains other plant sterols and isoflavones that may contribute to cardiovascular health. However, it's essential for consumers to use it with caution due to possible drug interactions and varying levels of active ingredients in different supplements.